Transformation of Sentences

Transformation

To change sentences from affirmative to negative and to interrogative, and vice versa, we need auxiliary verbs in the sentence. 

[Be verbs- is/am/are/was/were] [Have verbs- has/have/had] [Do verbs- do/does/did] [Modals-can/could/will/would/should/must/may/might] 

S+ AUX / AUX + Verb ……. (affirmative)- S+ AUX / AUX Not + Verb ……(Negative) - AUX +S + Verb……? (Interrogative)

She is happy. -  She is not happy. (negative) - Is she happy? (Interrogative)

If there are no auxiliary verbs in sentences, we use do -verbs to transform sentences.

S+ Main Verb …….- Do/Did/Does + Not + V1(negative) -   Do/Did/Does +S+ V1   ……?(Interrogative)

They go out at the weekend. - They don’t go out at the weekend.

They don’t go out at the weekend. (negative) - Do they go out at the weekend?

Words Changing While Forming Negative and Interrogative (Yes/No) Sentences:

always(affirmative)- He always smokes cigarettes. - never/ Not Ever(negative)- He never smokes cigarettes. He doesn’t ever smoke cigarettes.- ever (yes/no)- Does he ever smoke cigarettes?

already (affirmative)- You have already read a newspaper. -not yet(negative)- You haven’t read a newspaper yet. -yet (yes/no question)- Have you read a newspaper yet?

some (affirmative)- You have some money. -  no/ not any(negative)- You have no money. - You don’t have any money. – any (yes/no question)- Do you have any money?

still (affirmative) - It is still raining. - not anymore/ no longer (negative)- It is not raining anymore. It is raining no longer.

both -----and (affirmative)- Both he and his brother work hard. - not either ----- Or/ neither ---- nor (negative)- Either he or his brother doesn’t work hard. Neither he nor his brother doesn’t work hard.

much(affirmative)- She eats much food. - not much/ little (negative)- She doesn’t eat much food. She eats (very) little food.

many (affirmative)- not many/ few

all/ everyone/ everything (affirmative)- All the guests are present. Everyone is happy. Everything is visible. - not all /everyone/ everything or none/no one/ nothing (negative)- Not all the guests are present. None of the guests are present. Not everyone is happy.

No one is happy. Not everything is visible. Nothing is visible. -Any/ Anyone / Anything (yes/no question)-

both (affirmative)- Both of them are here. – neither (negative)- Neither of them is here. something (affirmative) -Something happened. -nothing (negative)- Nothing happened.

anything (yes/no question)

too(affirmative)- He likes meat, too. - not either(negative)- He doesn’t like meat, either.

must (affirmative)- He must go there. - need Not(negative) - He need not go there.

and so (affirmative)- Nita was wise and so was Tina. - not and either(negative)- Nita was not wise and neither was Tina.

a lot of (affirmative)- She has bought a lot of milk.  – not any / much (negative)- She has not bought any milk. 

often/usually (affirmative)- seldom (negative)- ever (yes/no questions)

sometimes (affirmative)- never (negative) – ever (yes/no question)

just/already/lately/ recently (affirmative) - yet (negative/ yes/no question)

too /also/ as well – not either(negative)  

Look at some more sentences:

He is too weak to walk. – He is so weak that he cannot walk. (negative)

Only a fool would talk like this. – None but a fool would talk like this. (negative)

He is so clever that he will understand it. – He is too clever not to understand. (negative)

You are as tall as Milan. -  Milan is not taller than you. (negative)

Every rose has a thorn. – There is no rose without a thorn. (negative)

Formation of  WH- Questions:

Who -Person / Person (Object of the Verb)- Who took part in the competition? - Who does the book belong to?

Whom- Person (Object of the Verb)- Whom did you see yesterday?

Whose- Possession- Whose book is this? - Whose is this book?

Where- Place- Where do you live?

When- Time- When were you born?

Why- Reason- Why was Minos angry with Daedalus?

What- Object/ Idea / Action- What is the notice about? - What’s the prize? - What did Daedalus tell Icarus?- What did the poet use to do as a boy?- What was stolen?

How-Manner/ Way- How do you go to school? -How does a hot air balloon fly?

Which- Choice- Which one do you prefer?

What kind- Description- What kind of music do you like?

What time- Time- What time does your school start?

How many- Number

How many students are there?

How much- Quantity- How much money do you have?

How long- Duration- How long did you say in Pokhara?

How often- Frequency- How often do you go to your dance class?

How far- Distance- How far is your home?

How old- Age- How old are you?
Click Here For Exercise -1