Social Studies Note for Grade X (INTERNATIONAL PERSONALITIES + UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD-Unit- 3)

Social Studies Note for Grade X

LESSON- 6

INTERNATIONAL PERSONALITIES

Those great personalities whose contribution is very valuable to mankind in the world are known as international personalities. Their work and experience become the inspiration and encouragement for other people.
Kailash Satyarthi

ü  Kailash Satyarthi was born in Bidisha, Madhya Pradesh of India on 11 January 1954.

ü  Satyarthi is a renowned child right activist of India.

ü  He completed masters’ degree in electrical engineering and post graduated in High- Voltage then became lecturer in Bhupal.

ü  He left teaching career and became secretary general for the Bonded Labour Liberation Front.

ü  He founded the movement Bachpan Bachao Andolan (Save the Childhood Movement).

ü  Through this movement, he led the rescue of over 83,000 child slaves of 144 countries.

ü  He is the recipient of different prizes along with Nobel Peace Prize in 2014.

ü  Satyarthi was also participated in a Bagmati cleaning campaign.

Martin Luther King Jr.

ü  He was born in Atlanta, Georgia, USA on 15 January, 1929.

ü  He is a world- famous orator and civil rights activist.

ü  He is regarded as the Mahatma Gandhi of the USA for his peaceful resistant against racial discrimination, exploitation and injustice.

ü  Martin Luthar King Jr. fought for the right and freedom of the coloured people.

ü  Considering his contribution, Noble Prize committee honoured him with Nobel peace prize in 1964 AD.

Social Studies Note for Grade X

LESSON – 7

UNIVERSAL BROTHERHOOD

Introduction
Brotherhood is a feeling and treating one another like brothers. This is a feeling of fellowship and sympathy for other people. Similarly, universal brotherhood is a concept to think the whole world as our own family.

According to the concept of universal brotherhood, the world is a common shelter for all, it is our common home, we are the residents of the earth wherever we live and the world is a family. If a member gives trouble in the family then, all the family members have to suffer from that. Similarly, if someone damages one part of the world, it affects the whole world. Intolerance based on racial discrimination, narrow-minded nationalism, etc. weakens the feeling of universal brotherhood.

Human being as a conscious and social creature should not disturb the life system of other creatures. We should not forget the existence of other while fulfilling our wants and wishes. Our Vedic tradition also says "Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam" which means all the people living on the earth are one. So, all of us should live together with good relation and share happiness and sorrow. All the religions teach to respect the peace. The main objective of education is also the same. Non- Aligned Movement-NAM has also made the universal brotherhood as its directive principle. The formation of international and regional organizations like UNO, SAARC, ASEAN, EU, and Commonwealth Countries is also for the promotion of universal brotherhood. Thus, we should have the thought of the sovereign universal family. Universal brotherhood is vital to maintain peace in the world.
The importance of universal brotherhood is increasing day by day because of the following reasons:

a.    People do not want to be limited within a place. In the name of employment, tourism, trade, mutual assistance and migration, people move from one place to another.

b.    The people of many countries are also living in the same city.

c.    Nowadays, one can go from one part of the world to other part easily and within short time.

d.    The religious orthodoxy is also gradually decreasing.

e.    Unity, empathy and cooperation are also increasing among the people.

f.     People join and enjoy in the cultural and social proems of other community also.

Importance of universal brotherhood:

a.    Unity and peace can be maintained only by the feeling of universal brotherhood.

b.    The main motto of universal brotherhood is to respect all the religion, caste, region and beliefs.

c.    Universal brotherhood frees the world from wars and hatred.

d.    It increases the cooperation and empathy that can make human life joyful.

Measures to maintain brotherhood:

a.    We should treat others like friends, brothers, sisters or relatives.

b.    Everyone should rise above the boundary of caste, religion, language and the nation.

c.    Initiation of dialogue, acceptance of diversity, awareness of spirituality and purity of character can make the whole world as a family and maintain universal brotherhood,

d.    Love, cooperation and goodwill between the individuals and countries help in the growth of universal brotherhood.

e.    Everyone should have empathy and cooperation to get rid from fear, poverty, pain and epidemic diseases. It develops the universal brotherhood.

f.     Everyone should leave egoism and work for the prosperity and happy life of mankind.