Unit: 11
Relative Clause
Relative clause - used to describes or gives extra information about something we have already mentioned.Examples:
My sister who lives in England has three children.
She was the most fluent speaker that I ever heard.
We often use relative pronouns (which, who, whose, whom, etc.) and adverbs (where, when, why, etc.) to introduce relative clauses.
Examples:
I know the house where they live.
That was the year when we moved to China.
We came here last year when there was strike in the factory.
Tell me the reason why she began to cry.
He has just come back from Kathmandu, where his grandparents live.
Defining relative clauses give us essential information that tells us who or what we are talking about.
Examples:
He found the things which he wanted.
The girl whom you met in the hall is a dancer.
The tree that stands by the gate bears lovely flowers.
Non-defining relative clauses give us extra information which isn't necessary. We use commas to separate them from the rest of the sentence, unless they come at the end of the sentence, when we use a comma and a full stop.Examples:
The doctor, whose name I can never remember, is in his clinic.
John was reading a novel, which was interesting.
The king, whose life has been devoted to his country, deserves popularity.
The band, which was made up of ten musicians, played good music.
B. Complete the following sentences with correct relative pronouns and write whether the clauses are defining or non-defining.
Answer:
That’s the house where I was born.- defining
Answer:
My aunt Nita, who is a journalist, is coming to visit next week.-non-defining
Answer:
People who like outdoor activities will love our holidays.- defining
Answer:
The early 1960s, when the Beatles first started, was a very exciting time in pop culture.- non-defining
Answer:
My essay on Shakespeare, which I found quite difficult, got a really good mark in the end. - non-defining
Answer:
The Mayans, who lived in Central America, built many stunning temples.- non-defining
Answer:
That's the girl whose brother is in your class. - defining
Answer:
The snake that was in the garden last week belongs to our next-door neighbor. - defining
C. Join the following pairs of sentences.
Answer:
He is a musician whose albums have been sold millions.
Answer:
Amelia who speaks English and Chinese fluently is from Shanghai.
Answer:
That’s the stadium where Real Madrid plays.
Answer:
Dublin is my favourite city which is the capital of Ireland.
Answer:
The person to whom they spoke was really helpful.
Answer:
This smartphone which I bought last week takes great photos.
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