NEB Grade XI Compulsory English Note | Language Development | Unit- 15 Shall there be Peace?| Sentence Pattern

Unit:15

Shall there be Peace?

Ways with words

A. Match the words on the left side with their meanings on the right.

a. proclaim - v. declare

b. unswerving - iv. steady or constant

c. magnanimous - i. generous or forgiving

d. trample - x. crush

e. tremendous - vii. huge

f. inevitable - ix. unavoidable

g. dire - iii. dreadful

h. anguish - ii. distress

i. impending - vi. upcoming

j. ruthless - viii. pitiless

B. Fill in the blanks with the suitable word from the list given.

[appalling, sanguine, slaughter, absurdity, futility, reluctance, bestir]

a. The soldiers suffer …… injuries during the attack.

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Answer:
The soldiers suffer appalling injuries during the attack.

b. She is …… about prospects for the economic development of the country.

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Answer:
She is sanguine about prospects for the economic development of the country.

c. Innocent people get unexpected …… in the war.

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Answer:
Innocent people get unexpected slaughter in the war.

d. The crowd laughed at the …… of the singer’s behaviour.

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Answer:
The crowd laughed at the absurdity of the singer’s behaviour.

e. The intellectuals should be worried about the horror and …… of war.

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Answer:
The intellectuals should be worried about the horror and futility of war.

f. He sensed her …… to continue the work.

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Answer:
He sensed her reluctance to continue the work.

g. They …… themselves at the first light of morning.

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Answer:
They bestir themselves at the first light of morning.

Comprehension

Answer these questions.

a. Why was the Italian Socialist Mergari treated like a madman?

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Answer:
The Italian Socialist Mergari was treated like a madman because he had spoken a few natural, human words.

b. Can political aims be attained by the criminal instrumentality of war? If yes, how?

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Answer:
Yes, political aims can be attained by the criminal instrumentality of wars. This happens as statesmen can instill the sense of nationalism in people’s mind so deeply that that they are ready to die for the nation.

c. Which hopes and plans were said to be mutually contradictory?

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Answer:
A new massacre of inconceivable scope was said to be mutually contradictory hopes and plans.

d. What can be the sacred duty of every man of good will on earth?

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Answer:
The sacred duty of every man of good will on earth can be not to sheathe ourselves in indifference and let things take their course, but to do our utmost to prevent the final catastrophe.

e. Is it good to tacitly accept war as an instrument of politics? If not, what else should be done?

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Answer:
Only a few people truly want the war to go on. Beyond a doubt they deserve our contempt and sincerest hatred.

f. How can we stop war in the world?

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Answer:
If we are We can stop the war when we are serious and determined.

g. What is the main message of this essay?

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Answer:
The essay focuses on the horrific suffering of World War I and the ways how a few war profiteers and a lack of accountability delay peace. Its message that peace is inevitable and war can be stopped with mankind's serious efforts.

Grammar

Sentence Pattern

Five important components in a sentence:

1. Subject

A subject is a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that represents the person or thing. The subject performs the action of the verb, about which something is stated. It is affected by the action of the verb in a passive sentence.

John searched the book carefully.

Sam bought a computer.

2. Verb

A verb is a word or group of words that expresses an action (sing), an event (happen)or a state (exist).

Bill made a kite.

They laugh at him.

3. Object

A verb is a noun, noun phrase or pronoun that refers to a person or thing that is affected by the action of the verb, or that the action is done or for.

He wrote a letter.

She gave me a pencil. 

4. Complement

A complement is a term used for a word or phrase, especially an adjective or a noun. It follows a linking verb and describes the subject of the verb.

She is a nurse.

The boy resembles his father.

5. Adjunct (Adverbial)

An adjunct is usually an adverb or a phrase that modifies a verb in a sentence or part of a sentence.

He drives a car slowly.

Actually, I wanted to write a story.

Examples of Sentence Pattern:

Subject + Verb + Object (SVO)

Subject + Verb + Adverbial (SVA)

Subject + Verb + Complement (SVC)

Adverbial + Subject + Verb (ASV)

Subject + Verb + Object + Complement (SVOC)

Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object (SVIODO)

Subject + Verb + Object + Complement + Adverbial (SVOCA)

Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial (SVOA)

Subject + Verb + Object + Adverbial + Adverbial (SVOAA)

Subject + Verb + Complement + Adverbial (SVCA)

Adverbial + Subject + Verb + Object (ASVO)

Adverbial + Subject + Verb + Indirect Object + Direct Object (ASVIODO)

Adverbial + Subject + Verb + Object + Complement + Adverbial (ASVOCA)

Adverbial + Adverbial + Subject + Verb + Complement (AASVC)

B. Divide the following sentences into different parts.

a. The children are playing now.

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Answer:
subject + verb + adverbial (adjunct)

b. Srijana will be reading a story.

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Answer:
subject + verb + object

c. Bimala is a very beautiful girl.

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Answer:
subject + verb (be) + complement

d. She usually wears glasses.

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Answer:
subject + adverbial + verb + object

e. They elected him President.

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Answer:
subject + verb + object + complement

f. Rabin is laughing.

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Answer:
subject + verb (be)

g. He has a big house in Butwal.

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Answer:
subject + complement + adverbial

h. The man who lives next door is a professor.

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Answer:
subject + complement

i. Her uncle has been living in Kathmandu for fifteen years.

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Answer:
subject + verb + adverbial + adverbial

j. The girl with long hair asked me a question last week.

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Answer:
subject + verb + object (indirect) + object(direct) + adverbial